pachychoroid diseases of the retina

see also:

• ophthalmology
• https://eyewiki.org/Pachychoroid_Spectrum

• refers to a group of eye conditions affecting the macula and choroid (the middle layer of the eye).
• it is defined by a thickened choroid, dilated outer choroidal blood vessels called pachyvessels, and thinning (attenuation) of the inner choriocapillaris layer, which can lead to vision loss
• progression to parychoroid neovasculopathy develops in only a small percentage of patients with these conditions in the 1st 2 years

• “Type A” personality
• emotional stress
• pregnancy
• tobacco use
• corticosteroids
• sympathomimetics
• hypertension
• gastro-oesophageal reflux
• alcohol
• systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• organ transplantation
• membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II
• MDMA
• some medications are associated
• certain herbal supplements may also have glycogenic properties associated with pachychoroid development

• Pachychoroid Pigment Epitheliopathy (PPE): RPE changes over pachyvessels without fluid leakage.
• Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC): Accumulation of subretinal fluid causing localized serous retinal detachment.
• Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy (PNV): Growth of abnormal new blood vessels (type 1 choroidal neovascularization).
• Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (PCV): Presence of polyp-like terminal vascular lesions.
• Focal Choroidal Excavation (FCE): A localized conforming depression or dip in the choroid.
• Peripapillary Pachychoroid Syndrome (PPS): Choroidal thickening clustered around the optic nerve head