OzEMedicine - Wiki for Australian Emergency Medicine Doctors

postural hypotension - created

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:28:56 +0000

postural hypotension see also: * the shocked hypotensive patient * hypotension * postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) * anorexia nervosa / eating disorders Introduction * postural hypotension is a significant fall in systolic BP upon standing * it may also have postural tachycardia

hypotension

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:26:52 +0000

hypotension see also: * the shocked hypotensive patient * postural hypotension * postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)

postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:25:47 +0000

postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) see also: * dysautonomia syndromes * anorexia nervosa / eating disorders

the patient with acute blurred vision or visual loss / blindness - [introduction]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:24:48 +0000

the patient with acute blurred vision or visual loss / blindness see also: * ophthalmology * Eye injuries * diplopia / double vision * color blindness / color vision deficiency introduction * acute non-traumatic blurred vision is a relatively common presentation to ED * patients may use the term blurred vision to cover a number of different symptoms such as:

ophthalmology - [ophthalmology]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:21:02 +0000

ophthalmology * eye injuries * welder flash burns - UV keratopathy (photo keratitis) * retrobulbar haemorrhage * chemical injuries and burns to the eyes * corneal abrasions * keratitis * the patient with acute blurred vision or visual loss / blindness * diplopia / double vision * conjunctivitis * acute atraumatic painful red eye(s) * glaucoma * uveitis * episcleritis * fundoscopy * optic neuritis * macular degeneration * cataracts * local anaesthetic agents * mydriatics …

headache - [CT brain (non-contrast) while in ED:]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:19:34 +0000

headache see also: * meningitis * the child with headache * subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) * migraine * acute unilateral headache * cervicogenic headache * a diagnostic approach to the adult with acute headache * AFTB lectures - headache introduction: * patients with headache as a prime feature are a worrying group of patients as there are a number of potentially life threatening or morbid conditions that, although uncommon, are easily missed:

mydriatics - [Contra-indications]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:12:56 +0000

mydriatics see also: * ophthalmology * acute atraumatic painful red eye(s) Introduction * mydriatics are agents used to dilate the pupil of the eye, primarily to allow fundoscopy, but can also be used to treat uveitis Contra-indications * known or suspected narrow-angle glaucoma * iris-clip intraocular lenses as mydriasis may cause the lens to dislocate

anti-muscarinic anticholinergic agents - [Tertiary amine antimuscarinics:]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 01:01:41 +0000

anti-muscarinic anticholinergic agents see also: * pharmacology main index * parasympathetics - the actions of muscarinic receptors Summary of anticholinergic effects: * mydriasis, cycloplegia, tachycardia, antispasmodic GIT; * dry mouth, decr. fasting gastric acid secretion; decr. motility; * dilates pelves, calyces, ureters, bladder;

Yersinia including bubonic plague and Yersiniosis - [Yersinia pestis]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 23:58:15 +0000

Yersinia including bubonic plague and Yersiniosis see also: * clinically important bacteria * A historians' view of the bubonic plague introduction * Yersinia are Gram-negative, rod-shaped coccobacillus, a facultative anaerobic bacteria belonging to the enterobacteriaceae family * Y. pestis is the organism causing the bubonic plague or Black Death epidemic and thousands of cases each year still occur

glymphatic system of the brain - [Introduction]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 23:48:11 +0000

glymphatic system of the brain see also: * the brain Introduction * discovered in 2012, the glymphatic system is a “pseudo-lymphatic” perivascular network distributed throughout the brain, responsible for replenishing as well as cleansing the brain.

dementia - [slowly progressive dementia]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 23:46:55 +0000

dementia see also: * neurology * Mental state - delirium vs dementia vs psychosis * cognition * Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) introduction * dementia is a serious loss of cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might be expected from normal aging. * affected areas of cognition may be memory, attention, language, and problem solving.

the brain - [the brain]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 23:43:13 +0000

the brain see also: * brain evolution and development * cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) * stroke (CVA) * neurology * consciousness * memory * speech * dementia * modelling the brain: * Dec 2023: Uni of Cambridge, UK, announces by using their new concept 3D “spatially embedded recurrent neural networks” (seRNNs) they have created a self-organizing, artificially intelligent system that uses the same tricks as the human brain to solve specific tasks. The seRNNs converged on structural and f…

macular degeneration - created

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 23:21:48 +0000

macular degeneration see also: * ophthalmology Introduction Research * the natural fatty acid amid erucamide acts on the TMEM19 protein which activates CD11b⁺ myeloid cells, which react to injury and support tissue health throughout the body but also in the retina and seems to be able to slow aspects of degeneration by preserving the structure and function of remaining tissue

ageing - [why do we age?]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 04:04:26 +0000

ageing see also: * androgen deficiency * geriatrics * longevity and immortality * wikipedia Introduction * the biologic factors causing mammalian aging process is still poorly understood * aging is one of the most common risk factors for human disease why do we age? * the rate of ageing varies substantially across different species, and this is mainly genetically based and the biological mechanisms which regulate lifespan evolved several hundred million years ago

loneliness - [Introduction]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Mon, 22 Jun 2026 03:32:02 +0000

loneliness see also: * psychiatry and mental health * antidepressants * suicide * Geriatric depression scale * stress * happiness * sadness * depression Introduction * being alone is a physical fact of relative social isolation which may or may not be associated with the subjective personal perception of being lonely * you can be surrounded by people yet feel lonely

the patient with acute abdominal pain in the ED - [general Mx of abdominal pain in the ED:]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Sun, 21 Jun 2026 16:36:04 +0000

the patient with acute abdominal pain in the ED see also: general surgery; * NICS - pain medication for acute abdominal pain (pdf) * Western Health ED: pain medications instruction sheet (pdf) * Western Health ED: adult abdominal pain discharge instruction sheet (pdf) Initial Mx of the haemodynamically unstable patient in ED with abdominal pain * examples include: * the patient with a rigid abdomen * abdominal pain with referred shoulder tip pain - suggests free fluid in abdomen su…

RIF pain in the ED - [differential diagnosis:]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Sun, 21 Jun 2026 16:33:57 +0000

RIF pain in the ED read this first: abdominal pain in ED right iliac fossa pain: differential diagnosis: * appendicitis * mesenteric adenitis * terminal ileitis (eg. Yersinia, Crohn's disease) * gynaecology causes: * ectopic pregnancy * pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) * the patient with an adnexal mass * ovarian cyst * endometriosis including acute peritonitis from rupture of a endometrioma *

endometriosis - [locations and features]

gary1@undisclosed.example.com (gary1) — Sun, 21 Jun 2026 16:32:34 +0000

endometriosis see also * gynaecology * RIF or pelvic pain * LIF or pelvic pain * dysmenorrhoea * chronic pelvic pain in women * Endometriosis Care Centre Of Australia * Epworth Julia Argyrou endometriosis centre introduction * endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glandular and stromal tissue outside the uterine cavity. * it is dependent upon oestrogen * clinical flare ups tend to have a catamenial (cyclical) pattern, occurring between 24h before and 72h after the…

vasculitis - [small vessel vasculitis]

wh@undisclosed.example.com (wh) — Sun, 21 Jun 2026 06:46:05 +0000

vasculitis see also: * collagen vascular disorders introduction * vasculitis is inflammation of the blood vessels (usually the term is applied to arterial system rather than venous which tend to fall under the thrombophlebitis term) * systemic vasculitis may be acute, subacute or chronic, and may cause widespread organ damage from either local bleeding, thrombosis or ischaemia, and generally only causes inflammation in certain sizes of vessels depending upon the pathology.

unregulated peptides - [GHK-Cu]

wh@undisclosed.example.com (wh) — Sat, 20 Jun 2026 13:45:01 +0000

unregulated peptides see also: * hormones * sports injuries * Introduction * a number of synthetic injectable peptides are being sold which have not been approved and which may be harmful * their use is often driven by social media influencers who often spread medical misinformation