spondyloarthopathies

introduction

spondyloarthopathies in its broadest sense refers to joint disease of the vertebral column which could include rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
it's use is usually restricted to seronegative spondyloarthropathy which restricts it to a group of inflammatory conditions usually associated with HLA-B27 and which have a negative anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and RhF.
- these conditions often cause:
  - spondylitis (inflammation of the spine)
  - asymmetric peripheral arthritis (which is distinct from rheumatoid arthritis)
  - arthritis of the toe IP Joints
  - sacroiliitis
  - sausage digits
  - enthesitis such as achilles tenosynovitis
  - plantar fasciitis
  - costochondritis
  - iritis / uveitis
  - mucocutaneous lesions including genital lesions

ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome)
enteropathic spondylitis (spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD))
psoriatic arthritis
- ~20% develop spondylitis +/- sacroiliitis
- most have onychodystrophy
- proximal interphalangeal joints and distal interphalangeal joints are commonly involved with characteristic sausage-shaped digits.
- knees, hips, ankles, temporomandibular joints, and wrists are less frequently involved.
- 25% develop a symmetric arthritis similar to rheumatoid arthritis
isolated acute anterior uveitis
Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (USpA)