calcification

see also:

• calcium
• urolithiasis / renal stones / renal calculi

• it is possible that all extracellular mineralisation in the body occurs via secretion of membrane vesicles from cells which then form mineralo-organic nanoparticles called bions - non-living "nanobacteria" / nanoparticles which then can self-propagate

• occurs in abnormal tissue, often with impaired blood supply
  • inflammation eg. tuberculosis (TB)
  • neoplasia / cancer / tumours
  • naevi
  • parasites
  • haematoma
  • gravitational oedema (esp. leg ulcers)
  • systemic sclerosis
  • dermatomyositis
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

• calcification in normal tissue due to hypercalcaemia or hypervitaminosis D
• intracranial calcification occurs in hypoparathyroidism and pseudo-hypoparathyroidism

• calcified cartilage, tendon, or periosteum

• calcinosis circumscripta
• calcinosis universalis
• myositis ossificans